Old Meets New at the Hearst Tower

There is no finer example of “old meets new” in the world of New York City architecture than the Hearst Building on Eighth Avenue and 57th Street. In 1926, William Randolph Hearst, the newspaper publisher who was the model for “Citizen Kane” commissioned Joseph Urban to design a new Manhattan headquarters for his growing media empire. Urban, best known for his set designs for the Ziegfeld Follies, approached the project as if it were an elaborate theatrical extravaganza. A six-story cast-concrete base adorned with giant fluted columns and 8 allegorical statues representing Comedy, Tragedy, Music, Art, Industry, Sport, The Sciences and Printing was completed in 1929. The plan was to add a soaring tower on top of the base, but the Depression intervened, and the additional floors were never added.

Statues over the 57th Street Entrance

Jump ahead to early 2000, the Hearst Corporation has expanded and their offices are now spread out across the city. The company, in desperate need of more space hires the Architect, Norman Foster, to come up with a plan to add a tower to the original base. A recipient of the Pritzker Architecture prize, Foster has recently completed a project at the British Museum where he has added a glass canopy with 1,656 uniquely shaped panes of glass above the Great Court, essentially melding the old with the new.

South Corner

Mr. Foster presents his plans to the Hearst Corporation on the afternoon of September 11, 2001, while the fires are burning at the Trade Center downtown. It will be another four and half years before the project is completed. The exterior of the historical base, designated by the city as a landmark in 1988, must be preserved. It will be completely gutted and restored and Foster’s 46 stories of triangulated glass and steel will be placed on top. Construction of the diagrid structure, with its series of 4 story high interlocking triangles, which will support the tower, will begin to rise in 2004. Upon completion in 2006, a column in the New York Times Architectural Review, describes the new building as such: “Past and present don’t fit seamlessly together here; they collide with ferocious energy”. This new skyscraper has made a bold statement in the midtown skyline.

"Ice Fall" Water Sculpture

With a number of environmental considerations built into the plan, Hearst Tower becomes the very first green building completed in New York City, earning both LEED Gold and Platinum designations. The efficiency of the design reduced the amount of steel required for construction by about 20% and 80% of the steel that was used came from recycled material. The lower floors and lobby area, which form an open atrium, are paved with heat conductive limestone. Tubing beneath the floors are filled with circulating water used for cooling in the summer and heating in the winter and are supplied by a reclamation tank that can hold up to 14,000 gallons of rainwater collected from the roof. It also feeds an amazing 3 story high “Ice Fall” glass and water sculpture that greets you in the lobby. If you are passing the building, you can poke your head inside to see it.

For a spectacular drone tour of the building, check out this youtube video narrated by Norman Foster: Click Here

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Pamela Ajhar

The Windermere is making a comeback

My weekly rambles have often taken me past a large red brick building called The Windermere that sits on the Southwest corner of 57th Street and Ninth Avenue. Boarded up with broken windows and covered with graffiti, it has sat derelict for many years. Despite its neglect, it remains a striking building, designed with an eclectic mix of styles that include elements found in Queen Anne, High Victorian Gothic and Romanesque architecture.  Now completely covered in netting and scaffolding, the windows have recently been replaced and slow progress has been made to bring it back to life.

The Windermere in the 1940's under the El
NEW YORK CITY MUNICIPAL ARCHIVES

To my surprise, I discovered it was built in 1880-1881 and is the oldest apartment building on the west side of Manhattan. Constructed as a complex of 3 adjoining seven story buildings; they each vary in size, width and apartment layouts, but are unified in the designs of their facades. The largest of the trio Is No. 400 West 57th Street, which sits on the corner and takes up 40 feet on 57th Street and the entire Ninth Avenue side of the building. Directly to the West is No. 402 West 57th, only 20 feet wide and the only one built without an elevator and the westernmost 404 West 57th is 30 feet in width. When first constructed, the three combined contained a total of 39 apartment units.

If the walls of the Windermere could talk, they would surely have tales to tell. Over the past 136 years, the building has had many transformations. Floor plans were originally designed to attract upper middle class residents. In an April 1881 profile by the New York Times, the Windermere was described as “first class in every particular” and in the first decade, tenants flocked to this new and unique complex. But the 1890’s brought construction of taller and grander buildings that began to siphon off a large portion of the clientele.

Group of women at the turn of the twentieth century

With the turn of the twentieth century came the birth of the “New Woman”, single and financially independent, with very few housing choices to speak of. Boarding homes were a common option, but they lacked privacy and were often run by charitable or religious organizations which imposed many lifestyle restrictions.  At around this same time, a new superintendent named Henry Sterling Goodale was hired to run the complex. Himself, the father of two talented and artistic daughters, he recognized the opportunity to transform the building into a haven for bachelor women, who by the late 1890’s, accounted for about 80% of the 200 occupants.

Just a few years ago the Windermere looked like this

In 1899, a fire damaged portions of the building and shortly after, Goodale left New York for Amherst, Massachusetts. At around this time, the neighborhood began to lose its more affluent population due to growth in other areas of the city and the tenant profile began to change again. Jump ahead to the 1960’s and 70’s, when the surrounding area became known as Hell’s Kitchen, largely associated with hippies, drug users and prostitution, and many of the Windermere’s large apartments were converted to Single-Room-Occupancy (SRO). By the 1980’s, it was in serious disrepair and became the subject of a criminal investigation for violent tenant harassment which resulted in felony convictions and jail time for both the manager and landlord at the time.

The building has changed ownership twice since then and the new owner, Mark Tress of Windermere Properties LLC, has filed plans for a hotel. As part of a legal settlement incurred by previous ownership, he is required to provide 20 affordable housing units  as set by the Clinton Cure for Legal Harassment. The timing for a complete renovation couldn’t be any better as the neighborhood has once again become a very desirable place to live. I can’t wait to see this beautiful building fully restored.

To learn more about the current renovations, click here.

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Pamela Ajhar